Andrew Chick Ecology

The common dolphin (Delphinus delphis), also known as the short-beaked common dolphin, is a widely distributed species found in UK waters, particularly around the western coasts of Scotland, Wales, and southwest England. Its status in UK waters is of interest due to growing concerns about marine biodiversity and conservation.

Current Status:

• Population: While there is no precise estimate of the population in UK waters, common dolphins are frequently sighted in certain areas, particularly the Celtic Sea, the waters around Cornwall, and parts of the Hebrides. They are generally considered abundant in UK waters, especially during the summer months when they follow prey.
• Conservation Status: The common dolphin is listed as “Least Concern” on the IUCN Red List globally, but in UK waters, it is protected under several conservation regulations:
• EU Habitats Directive: Common dolphins are protected under Annex IV, which prohibits deliberate capture, killing, or disturbance.
• UK Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981: It is illegal to kill, injure, or take a dolphin in UK waters.
• Threats:
• Bycatch: One of the primary threats to common dolphins in UK waters is bycatch, where dolphins are accidentally caught in fishing gear, particularly in trawling and gillnets.
• Marine Pollution: Contaminants like plastics, heavy metals, and chemical pollutants can accumulate in the dolphins’ environment, impacting their health.
• Noise Pollution: Increased shipping, oil exploration, and other human activities can lead to underwater noise pollution, which disrupts dolphin communication, navigation, and feeding.
• Conservation Efforts: There are ongoing efforts to reduce bycatch through more dolphin-friendly fishing techniques and by implementing marine protected areas (MPAs). Additionally, organizations such as the Sea Watch Foundation and Whale and Dolphin Conservation (WDC) monitor dolphin populations and promote public awareness.

In summary, the common dolphin is relatively abundant in the UK, but it faces ongoing threats that require monitoring and mitigation to ensure the species remains healthy in British waters.