Andrew Chick Ecology

The Yellow Star-of-Bethlehem (Gagea lutea) is a relatively rare and localized plant in England. It is a spring-flowering perennial that thrives in damp, shady habitats such as riverbanks, damp woodlands, and ancient hedgerows. Although not critically endangered, it is considered scarce, with its main populations found in central and northern England, particularly in Yorkshire, Cumbria, and the Midlands. The species is often restricted to small, fragmented populations due to habitat loss, primarily from changes in woodland management, land drainage, and agricultural intensification. Classified as Nationally Scarce, it occurs in fewer than 100 10km squares across the UK. In some areas, conservation efforts help protect its habitat and ensure its continued presence.

All photos by Andrew P. Chick from South Cumbria in March 2025.

For the status in Cumbria see https://www.cumbriabotany.co.uk/the-flora-of-cumbria-recording-group/flora-distribution-maps/#Gagea_lutea

In Cumbria, Yellow Star-of-Bethlehem is a rare but locally present species, typically found in damp, shaded environments such as riverbanks, wet woodlands, and old hedgerows. It is primarily associated with ancient woodland sites and undisturbed river valleys where suitable conditions persist. Although it has a scattered distribution, it remains vulnerable to habitat loss due to changes in woodland management, riverbank erosion, and agricultural practices. Conservation efforts in some areas help maintain its habitat, but its populations remain small and fragmented.