Andrew Chick Ecology

Danish scurvygrass (Cochlearia danica) is a small, salt-tolerant flowering plant in the brassica family (the same family as cabbage and mustard). It’s native to coastal areas of western Europe, including the UK and Ireland, but has become increasingly common along roadsides—especially motorways—in recent decades.

Key Facts:

• Scientific name: Cochlearia danica
• Common name: Danish scurvygrass
• Habitat: Originally coastal, but now widespread along salted roads
• Flowering season: Typically from March to June
• Appearance: Low-growing with small white to pale lilac flowers and fleshy, spoon-shaped leaves

Why is it called “scurvygrass”?

Historically, plants in the scurvygrass group were used to treat scurvy, a disease caused by vitamin C deficiency. These plants are rich in vitamin C, and sailors once consumed them to prevent the disease—hence the name.

Why is it along roads now?

Danish scurvygrass thrives in salty environments, so it has adapted well to gritted/salted road verges. As a result, it’s spread rapidly inland from its natural coastal habitat and is now a common sight on motorways and A-roads in spring.

Danish scurvygrass (Cochlearia danica) is a small, salt-tolerant plant originally native to coastal areas of western Europe, but it has become increasingly common along roadsides, particularly where salt is used in winter. It grows low to the ground and often forms mats, with fleshy, spoon-shaped leaves that start off heart-shaped and later develop blunt, lobed edges. The plant produces small, pale lilac to white flowers, each with four petals, typically blooming from March to June. Historically, scurvygrass was valued for its high vitamin C content and used to treat scurvy among sailors. Today, its presence along motorways and A-roads makes it a familiar springtime sight, and its success in these areas highlights its adaptability to harsh, saline environments.

For a more detailed visual guide, you might find this video helpful:

This video provides an in-depth look at the plant’s features and habitats, which should aid in accurate identification.

See https://www.cumbriabotany.co.uk/the-flora-of-cumbria-recording-group/flora-distribution-maps/#Cochlearia_danica for a look at the Cumbria distribution – look how it’s slowly move along the M6 corridor!